عملية الشعلة عام 1942 و أثرها في نشأة النفوذ الأمريكي بشمال أفريقيا

Abstract EN

This research is studying the reasons that led the United States and Britain to implement the operation torch, and its effect on establishment of American influence in the North African region.

And that is through the available documents and sources, in addition to the writings of the leaders and politicians who lived at that time.

I studied this subject through the historical method, which was Built on describing the events of the operation torch, then analyze those events to arrive the results.

The importance of studying operation torch is that it is after the United States entered World War II in December 1941, the Soviet Union requested the opening of a second front to relieve Hitler's pressure on the Eastern Front, by making an amphibious military landing on the coast of France overlooking the English Channel and the liberation of France.

Britain rejected that idea, and instead proposed an amphibious military landing on the coast of North Africa under the French government of Vichy, which would facilitate the process of liberating Europe by controlling Italy, and then liberating France.

The United States agreed to carry out this process in cooperation with Britain, and it was called the "Operation Torch", which succeeded and formed the first American military presence on Arab land.

As a result, the United States set the basic features of its foreign policy towards North Africa.

This policy built on preference strategic bargaining with strong local leaders over the political and economic development for North African peoples.