Parkinson's Disease and SleepWake Disturbances
Author
Source
Issue
Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-14, 14 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2012-12-30
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
14
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Parkinson's disease (PD) has traditionally been characterized by its cardinal motor symptoms of bradykinesia, rigidity, resting tremor, and postural instability.
However, PD is increasingly being recognized as a multidimensional disease associated with myriad nonmotor symptoms including autonomic dysfunction, mood disorders, cognitive impairment, pain, gastrointestinal disturbance, impaired olfaction, psychosis, and sleep disorders.
Sleep disturbances, which include sleep fragmentation, daytime somnolence, sleep-disordered breathing, restless legs syndrome (RLS), nightmares, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD), are estimated to occur in 60% to 98% of patients with PD.
For years nonmotor symptoms received little attention from clinicians and researchers, but now these symptoms are known to be significant predictors of morbidity in determining quality of life, costs of disease, and rates of institutionalization.
A discussion of the clinical aspects, pathophysiology, evaluation techniques, and treatment options for the sleep disorders that are encountered with PD is presented.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Swick, Todd J.. 2012. Parkinson's Disease and SleepWake Disturbances. Parkinson’s Disease،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-14.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1002752
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Swick, Todd J.. Parkinson's Disease and SleepWake Disturbances. Parkinson’s Disease No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-14.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1002752
American Medical Association (AMA)
Swick, Todd J.. Parkinson's Disease and SleepWake Disturbances. Parkinson’s Disease. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-14.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1002752
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1002752