Early Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease Pathology in Urban Children: Friend versus Foe Responses—It Is Time to Face the Evidence
Joint Authors
Calderón-Garcidueñas, Lilian
Franco-Lira, Maricela
Mora-Tiscareño, Antonieta
Medina-Cortina, Humberto
Torres-Jardón, Ricardo
Kavanaugh, Michael
Source
Issue
Vol. 2013, Issue 2013 (31 Dec. 2013), pp.1-16, 16 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2013-01-15
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
16
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Chronic exposure to particulate matter air pollution is known to cause inflammation leading to respiratory- and cardiovascular-related sickness and death.
Mexico City Metropolitan Area children exhibit an early brain imbalance in genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and innate and adaptive immune responses.
Early dysregulated neuroinflammation, brain microvascular damage, production of potent vasoconstrictors, and perturbations in the integrity of the neurovascular unit likely contribute to progressive neurodegenerative processes.
The accumulation of misfolded proteins coincides with the anatomical distribution observed in the early stages of both Alzheimer’s and Parkinson's diseases.
We contend misfolding of hyperphosphorylated tau (HPπ), alpha-synuclein, and beta-amyloid could represent a compensatory early protective response to the sustained systemic and brain inflammation.
However, we favor the view that the chronic systemic and brain dysregulated inflammation and the diffuse vascular damage contribute to the establishment of neurodegenerative processes with childhood clinical manifestations.
Friend turns Foe early; therefore, implementation of neuroprotective measures to ameliorate or stop the inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes is warranted in exposed children.
Epidemiological, cognitive, structural, and functional neuroimaging and mechanistic studies into the association between air pollution exposures and the development of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in children are of pressing importance for public health.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Calderón-Garcidueñas, Lilian& Franco-Lira, Maricela& Mora-Tiscareño, Antonieta& Medina-Cortina, Humberto& Torres-Jardón, Ricardo& Kavanaugh, Michael. 2013. Early Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease Pathology in Urban Children: Friend versus Foe Responses—It Is Time to Face the Evidence. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1003573
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Calderón-Garcidueñas, Lilian…[et al.]. Early Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease Pathology in Urban Children: Friend versus Foe Responses—It Is Time to Face the Evidence. BioMed Research International No. 2013 (2013), pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1003573
American Medical Association (AMA)
Calderón-Garcidueñas, Lilian& Franco-Lira, Maricela& Mora-Tiscareño, Antonieta& Medina-Cortina, Humberto& Torres-Jardón, Ricardo& Kavanaugh, Michael. Early Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease Pathology in Urban Children: Friend versus Foe Responses—It Is Time to Face the Evidence. BioMed Research International. 2013. Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1003573
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1003573