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Biomarkers in Japanese Encephalitis: A Review
Author
Source
Issue
Vol. 2013, Issue 2013 (31 Dec. 2013), pp.1-24, 24 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2013-12-18
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
24
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
JE is a flavivirus generated dreadful CNS disease which causes high mortality in various pediatric groups.
JE disease is currently diagnosed by measuring the level of viral antigens and virus neutralization IgM antibodies in blood serum and CSF by ELISA.
However, it is not possible to measure various disease-identifying molecules, structural and molecular changes occurred in tissues, and cells by using such routine methods.
However, few important biomarkers such as cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, neuro-imaging, brain mapping, immunotyping, expression of nonstructural viral proteins, systematic mRNA profiling, DNA and protein microarrays, active caspase-3 activity, reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, levels of stress-associated signaling molecules, and proinflammatory cytokines could be used to confirm the disease at an earlier stage.
These biomarkers may also help to diagnose mutant based environment specific alterations in JEV genotypes causing high pathogenesis and have immense future applications in diagnostics.
There is an utmost need for the development of new more authentic, appropriate, and reliable physiological, immunological, biochemical, biophysical, molecular, and therapeutic biomarkers to confirm the disease well in time to start the clinical aid to the patients.
Hence, the present review aims to discuss new emerging biomarkers that could facilitate more authentic and fast diagnosis of JE disease and its related disorders in the future.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Upadhyay, Ravi Kant. 2013. Biomarkers in Japanese Encephalitis: A Review. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-24.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1004674
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Upadhyay, Ravi Kant. Biomarkers in Japanese Encephalitis: A Review. BioMed Research International No. 2013 (2013), pp.1-24.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1004674
American Medical Association (AMA)
Upadhyay, Ravi Kant. Biomarkers in Japanese Encephalitis: A Review. BioMed Research International. 2013. Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-24.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1004674
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1004674