الأحوال العامة لمدينة اسبارطة حتى الحروب البيلوبونزية

Abstract EN

Ancient Greek cities are of great historical and cultural significance, including the city of Sparta which was established in the 12th century BC by the invading Dorians who were Indo-European people raided Asia Minor and Morea and settled in its territories, including the Laconia Plain, where they founded the city of Sparta from the integration of five villages on the banks of the Evrotas RiverThe city's population consists of three categories: the citizens, the Spartans, and the masters (the invading Dorians), who have dominated the other groups socially, economically and politically, as they enjoyed full rights.

Whereas the political system comprised of four bodies, namely the two monarchs, representing the highest body and then the Gerousia with 28 members in addition to the two kings, the People's Assembly (Apella), and the Ephors.