Effect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Immunomodulator on Cytokines Levels: An Alternative Therapy for Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
Joint Authors
Mendieta, Danelia
Perez-Tapia, S. M.
Estrada-Parra, Sergio
Estrada-Garcia, Iris
Bojalil, Rafael
Pavon, Lenin
Hernandez, María Eugenia
Source
Journal of Immunology Research
Issue
Vol. 2013, Issue 2013 (31 Dec. 2013), pp.1-11, 11 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2013-11-17
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
11
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric illness that presents as a deficit of serotonergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system.
MDD patients also experience alterations in cortisol and cytokines levels.
Treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is the first-line antidepressant regimen for MDD.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a combination of SSRIs and an immunomodulator—human dialyzable leukocyte extract (hDLE)—on cortisol and cytokines levels.
Patients received SSRIs or SSRIs plus hDLE.
The proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, and IFN-γ; anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-13 and IL-10; and 24-h urine cortisol were measured at weeks (W) 0, 5, 20, 36, and 52 of treatment.
The reduction in cortisol levels in the SSRI-treated group was 30% until W52, in contrast, the combined treatment induced a 54% decrease at W36.
The decline in cortisol in patients who were treated with SSRI plus hDLE correlated with reduction of anti-inflammatory cytokines and increases levels of proinflammatory cytokines at the study conclusion.
These results suggest that the immune-stimulating activity of hDLE, in combination with SSRIs, restored the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance and cortisol levels in depressed patients versus those who were given SSRIs alone.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Hernandez, María Eugenia& Mendieta, Danelia& Perez-Tapia, S. M.& Bojalil, Rafael& Estrada-Garcia, Iris& Estrada-Parra, Sergio…[et al.]. 2013. Effect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Immunomodulator on Cytokines Levels: An Alternative Therapy for Patients with Major Depressive Disorder. Journal of Immunology Research،Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1006556
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Hernandez, María Eugenia…[et al.]. Effect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Immunomodulator on Cytokines Levels: An Alternative Therapy for Patients with Major Depressive Disorder. Journal of Immunology Research No. 2013 (2013), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1006556
American Medical Association (AMA)
Hernandez, María Eugenia& Mendieta, Danelia& Perez-Tapia, S. M.& Bojalil, Rafael& Estrada-Garcia, Iris& Estrada-Parra, Sergio…[et al.]. Effect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Immunomodulator on Cytokines Levels: An Alternative Therapy for Patients with Major Depressive Disorder. Journal of Immunology Research. 2013. Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1006556
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1006556