Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Immune Reconstitution Syndrome
Joint Authors
Dawood, Halima
Mogambery, J. C.
Motala, A.
Padayachee, K.
Jozi, C.
Source
Issue
Vol. 2014, Issue 2014 (31 Dec. 2014), pp.1-5, 5 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2014-11-11
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
5
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
The prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria infection (NTM) in Sub-Saharan Africa is estimated to be less than 1%.
NTM is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed as tuberculosis in patients who present with immune reconstitution syndrome (IRS) following initiation of antiretroviral treatment (ART).
Immune reconstitution syndrome is common in patients who start ART with low CD4 counts and high HIV viral load.
Furthermore, Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) commonly infects those with CD4 counts less than 50 cells/mm3.
Three patients, with low baseline CD4 counts, presenting with NTM following the initiation of antiretroviral treatment are described in this case series.
The first patient presented with disseminated NTM two weeks after commencing antiretroviral treatment.
Acid fast bacilli were found in the liver, duodenum, and bone marrow and were suggestive of MAC microscopically.
The second developed cervical lymphadenitis following the initiation of ART.
Lymph node aspirate culture grew NTM.
The last patient developed pancytopenia after 3 months of ART.
AFB was seen on bone marrow biopsy.
Culture of the bone marrow aspirate was suggestive of NTM.
All three patients improved on ethambutol, clarithromycin, and rifampicin.
NTM may be underdiagnosed in areas with a high TB prevalence and should be actively excluded by culture.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Mogambery, J. C.& Motala, A.& Padayachee, K.& Jozi, C.& Dawood, Halima. 2014. Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Immune Reconstitution Syndrome. Case Reports in Medicine،Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-5.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1017271
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Mogambery, J. C.…[et al.]. Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Immune Reconstitution Syndrome. Case Reports in Medicine No. 2014 (2014), pp.1-5.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1017271
American Medical Association (AMA)
Mogambery, J. C.& Motala, A.& Padayachee, K.& Jozi, C.& Dawood, Halima. Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Immune Reconstitution Syndrome. Case Reports in Medicine. 2014. Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-5.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1017271
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1017271