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Earthworms Dilong: Ancient, Inexpensive, Noncontroversial Models May Help Clarify Approaches to Integrated Medicine Emphasizing Neuroimmune Systems
Joint Authors
Balamurugan, Mariappan
Tsao, Clara R.
Heredia, Jesus
Tommaseo-Ponzetta, Mila
Paoletti, Maurizio G.
Huang, Chih-Yang
Cooper, Edwin L.
Source
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Issue
Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-11, 11 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2012-07-25
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
11
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Earthworms have provided ancient cultures with food and sources of medicinal cures.
Ayurveda, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and practices in Japan, Vietnam, and Korea have focused first on earthworms as sources of food.
Gradually fostering an approach to potential beneficial healing properties, there are renewed efforts through bioprospecting and evidence-based research to understand by means of rigorous investigations the mechanisms of action whether earthworms are used as food and/or as sources of potential medicinal products.
Focusing on earthworms grew by serendipity from an extensive analysis of the earthworm’s innate immune system.
Their immune systems are replete with leukocytes and humoral products that exert credible health benefits.
Their emerging functions with respect to evolution of innate immunity have long been superseded by their well-known ecological role in soil conservation.
Earthworms as inexpensive, noncontroversial animal models (without ethical concerns) are not vectors of disease do not harbor parasites that threaten humans nor are they annoying pests.
By recognizing their numerous ecological, environmental, and biomedical roles, substantiated by inexpensive and more comprehensive investigations, we will become more aware of their undiscovered beneficial properties.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Cooper, Edwin L.& Balamurugan, Mariappan& Huang, Chih-Yang& Tsao, Clara R.& Heredia, Jesus& Tommaseo-Ponzetta, Mila…[et al.]. 2012. Earthworms Dilong: Ancient, Inexpensive, Noncontroversial Models May Help Clarify Approaches to Integrated Medicine Emphasizing Neuroimmune Systems. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1028134
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Cooper, Edwin L.…[et al.]. Earthworms Dilong: Ancient, Inexpensive, Noncontroversial Models May Help Clarify Approaches to Integrated Medicine Emphasizing Neuroimmune Systems. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1028134
American Medical Association (AMA)
Cooper, Edwin L.& Balamurugan, Mariappan& Huang, Chih-Yang& Tsao, Clara R.& Heredia, Jesus& Tommaseo-Ponzetta, Mila…[et al.]. Earthworms Dilong: Ancient, Inexpensive, Noncontroversial Models May Help Clarify Approaches to Integrated Medicine Emphasizing Neuroimmune Systems. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1028134
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1028134