Beneficial Effects of Fractions of Nardostachys jatamansi on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response

Abstract EN

It has been previously shown that Nardostachys jatamansi (NJ) exhibits anti-inflammatory properties against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenges.

However, the potency of NJ constituents against LPS-induced inflammatory responses has not been examined.

In this present study, we determined which NJ extract fractions exhibit inhibitory effects against LPS-induced inflammatory responses.

Among the NJ fractions, NJ-1, NJ-3, NJ-4, and NJ-6 inhibited LPS-induced production of NO.

The NJ-3, NJ-4, and NJ-6 fractions also inhibited the production of cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α.

However, NJ-1, NJ-3, NJ-4, and NJ-6 showed differential inhibitory mechanisms against LPS-induced inflammatory responses.

NJ-1, NJ-3, and NJ-4 inhibited LPS-induced activation of c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 but did not affect activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) or NF-κB.

On the other hand, NJ-6 inhibited activation of MAPKs and NF-κB.

In addition, in vivo experiments revealed that administration of NJ-1, NJ-3, NJ-4, and NJ-6 reduced LPS-induced endotoxin shock, with NJ-6 especially showing a marked protective effect.

Taken together, these results provide the evidence for the potential of selective NJ fractions against LPS-induced inflammation.

Thus, it will be advantageous to further isolate and determine single effective compounds from these potent fractions.