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Determination of Lead, Cations, and Anions Concentration in Indoor and Outdoor Air at the Primary Schools in Kuala Lumpur
Joint Authors
Awang, Normah
Jamaluddin, Farhana
Source
Journal of Environmental and Public Health
Issue
Vol. 2014, Issue 2014 (31 Dec. 2014), pp.1-3, 3 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2014-07-22
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
3
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
This study was carried out to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), anions, and cations at six primary schools located around Kuala Lumpur.
Low volume sampler (MiniVol PM10) was used to collect the suspended particulates in indoor and outdoor air.
Results showed that the concentration of Pb in indoor air was in the range of 5.18 ± 1.08 μg/g–7.01 ± 0.08 μg/g.
All the concentrations of Pb in indoor air were higher than in outdoor air at all sampling stations.
The concentrations of cations and anions were higher in outdoor air than in indoor air.
The concentration of Ca2+ (39.51 ± 5.01 mg/g–65.13 ± 9.42 mg/g) was the highest because the cation existed naturally in soil dusts, while the concentrations of NO3- and SO42- were higher in outdoor air because there were more sources of exposure for anions in outdoor air, such as highly congested traffic and motor vehicles emissions.
In comparison, the concentration of NO3- (29.72 ± 0.31 μg/g–32.00 ± 0.75 μg/g) was slightly higher than SO42-.
The concentrations of most of the parameters in this study, such as Mg2+, Ca2+, NO3-, SO42-, and Pb2+, were higher in outdoor air than in indoor air at all sampling stations.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Awang, Normah& Jamaluddin, Farhana. 2014. Determination of Lead, Cations, and Anions Concentration in Indoor and Outdoor Air at the Primary Schools in Kuala Lumpur. Journal of Environmental and Public Health،Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-3.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1040563
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Awang, Normah& Jamaluddin, Farhana. Determination of Lead, Cations, and Anions Concentration in Indoor and Outdoor Air at the Primary Schools in Kuala Lumpur. Journal of Environmental and Public Health No. 2014 (2014), pp.1-3.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1040563
American Medical Association (AMA)
Awang, Normah& Jamaluddin, Farhana. Determination of Lead, Cations, and Anions Concentration in Indoor and Outdoor Air at the Primary Schools in Kuala Lumpur. Journal of Environmental and Public Health. 2014. Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-3.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1040563
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1040563