![](/images/graphics-bg.png)
Hemifacial Spasm and Neurovascular Compression
Joint Authors
Lu, Alex Y.
Yeung, Jacky T.
Gerrard, Jason L.
Michaelides, Elias M.
Sekula, Raymond F.
Bulsara, Ketan R.
Source
Issue
Vol. 2014, Issue 2014 (31 Dec. 2014), pp.1-7, 7 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2014-10-28
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
7
Main Subjects
Medicine
Information Technology and Computer Science
Abstract EN
Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is characterized by involuntary unilateral contractions of the muscles innervated by the ipsilateral facial nerve, usually starting around the eyes before progressing inferiorly to the cheek, mouth, and neck.
Its prevalence is 9.8 per 100,000 persons with an average age of onset of 44 years.
The accepted pathophysiology of HFS suggests that it is a disease process of the nerve root entry zone of the facial nerve.
HFS can be divided into two types: primary and secondary.
Primary HFS is triggered by vascular compression whereas secondary HFS comprises all other causes of facial nerve damage.
Clinical examination and imaging modalities such as electromyography (EMG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful to differentiate HFS from other facial movement disorders and for intraoperative planning.
The standard medical management for HFS is botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections, which provides low-risk but limited symptomatic relief.
The only curative treatment for HFS is microvascular decompression (MVD), a surgical intervention that provides lasting symptomatic relief by reducing compression of the facial nerve root.
With a low rate of complications such as hearing loss, MVD remains the treatment of choice for HFS patients as intraoperative technique and monitoring continue to improve.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Lu, Alex Y.& Yeung, Jacky T.& Gerrard, Jason L.& Michaelides, Elias M.& Sekula, Raymond F.& Bulsara, Ketan R.. 2014. Hemifacial Spasm and Neurovascular Compression. The Scientific World Journal،Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1049284
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Lu, Alex Y.…[et al.]. Hemifacial Spasm and Neurovascular Compression. The Scientific World Journal No. 2014 (2014), pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1049284
American Medical Association (AMA)
Lu, Alex Y.& Yeung, Jacky T.& Gerrard, Jason L.& Michaelides, Elias M.& Sekula, Raymond F.& Bulsara, Ketan R.. Hemifacial Spasm and Neurovascular Compression. The Scientific World Journal. 2014. Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1049284
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1049284