The Benefit of a Human Bone Marrow Stem Cells Concentrate in addition to an Inorganic Scaffold for Bone Regeneration: An In Vitro Study

Abstract EN

Background.

This work compares the osteoblastic behaviour of a bone marrow (BM) aspirate and a prepared BM concentrate of nucleated cells associated with a glass reinforced hydroxyapatite composite (GRHC) in a microporous pellet formulation.

Methods.

BM aspirate (30 mL) was collected during 3 orthopedic surgical procedures, and a concentration system was used to achieve 3 rapid preparations of a concentrate of nucleated cells (3 mL) from the BM aspirates.

The BM aspirates (53% cell viability; 2.7×106 nucleated cell/mL) and the BM concentrates (76% cell viability; 2×107 nucleated cell/mL) were cultured over glass reinforced hydroxyapatite pellets, at the same volume/mass ratio, for 30 days.

Cultures performed in standard tissue culture plates were used as control.

Results.

The colonized BM concentrate/material constructs exhibited a representative osteoblastic proliferation/differentiation pathway, evidenced by a high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, expression of collagen type 1, ALP, BMP-2, M-CSF, RANKL, and OPG, and formation of a calcium phosphate mineralized matrix.

A clear improved behaviour was noticed compared to the BM aspirate/material constructs.

Conclusions.

The results suggest the benefit of using an autologous BM concentrate/material construct in the clinical setting, in bone regeneration applications.