Triggers, Inhibitors, Mechanisms, and Significance of Eryptosis: The Suicidal Erythrocyte Death
Joint Authors
Source
Issue
Vol. 2015, Issue 2015 (31 Dec. 2015), pp.1-16, 16 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2015-03-04
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
16
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Suicidal erythrocyte death or eryptosis is characterized by erythrocyte shrinkage, cell membrane blebbing, and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine translocation to the erythrocyte surface.
Triggers of eryptosis include Ca2+ entry, ceramide formation, stimulation of caspases, calpain activation, energy depletion, oxidative stress, and dysregulation of several kinases.
Eryptosis is triggered by a wide variety of xenobiotics.
It is inhibited by several xenobiotics and endogenous molecules including NO and erythropoietin.
The susceptibility of erythrocytes to eryptosis increases with erythrocyte age.
Phosphatidylserine exposing erythrocytes adhere to the vascular wall by binding to endothelial CXC-Motiv-Chemokin-16/Scavenger-receptor for phosphatidylserine and oxidized low density lipoprotein (CXCL16).
Phosphatidylserine exposing erythrocytes are further engulfed by phagocytosing cells and are thus rapidly cleared from circulating blood.
Eryptosis eliminates infected or defective erythrocytes thus counteracting parasitemia in malaria and preventing detrimental hemolysis of defective cells.
Excessive eryptosis, however, may lead to anemia and may interfere with microcirculation.
Enhanced eryptosis contributes to the pathophysiology of several clinical disorders including metabolic syndrome and diabetes, malignancy, cardiac and renal insufficiency, hemolytic uremic syndrome, sepsis, mycoplasma infection, malaria, iron deficiency, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, and Wilson’s disease.
Facilitating or inhibiting eryptosis may be a therapeutic option in those disorders.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Lang, Elisabeth& Lang, Florian. 2015. Triggers, Inhibitors, Mechanisms, and Significance of Eryptosis: The Suicidal Erythrocyte Death. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1055768
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Lang, Elisabeth& Lang, Florian. Triggers, Inhibitors, Mechanisms, and Significance of Eryptosis: The Suicidal Erythrocyte Death. BioMed Research International No. 2015 (2015), pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1055768
American Medical Association (AMA)
Lang, Elisabeth& Lang, Florian. Triggers, Inhibitors, Mechanisms, and Significance of Eryptosis: The Suicidal Erythrocyte Death. BioMed Research International. 2015. Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1055768
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1055768