Surveillance of Food- and Smear-Transmitted Pathogens in European Soldiers with Diarrhea on Deployment in the Tropics: Experience from the European Union Training Mission (EUTM) Mali
Joint Authors
Podbielski, Andreas
Frickmann, Hagen
Warnke, Philipp
Frey, Claudia
Schmidt, Salvatore
Janke, Christian
Erkens, Kay
Schotte, Ulrich
Köller, Thomas
Maaßen, Winfried
Binder, Alfred
Hinz, Rebecca
Queyriaux, Benjamin
Wiemer, Dorothea
Schwarz, Norbert Georg
Hagen, Ralf Matthias
Source
Issue
Vol. 2015, Issue 2015 (31 Dec. 2015), pp.1-15, 15 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2015-10-11
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
15
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Introduction.
Since 2013, European soldiers have been deployed on the European Union Training Mission (EUTM) in Mali.
From the beginning, diarrhea has been among the most “urgent” concerns.
Diarrhea surveillance based on deployable real-time PCR equipment was conducted between December 2013 and August 2014.
Material and Methods.
In total, 53 stool samples were obtained from 51 soldiers with acute diarrhea.
Multiplex PCR panels comprised enteroinvasive bacteria, diarrhea-associated Escherichia coli (EPEC, ETEC, EAEC, and EIEC), enteropathogenic viruses, and protozoa.
Noroviruses were characterized by sequencing.
Cultural screening for Enterobacteriaceae with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) with subsequent repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) typing was performed.
Clinical information was assessed.
Results.
Positive PCR results for diarrhea-associated pathogens were detected in 43/53 samples, comprising EPEC ( n = 21 ), ETEC ( n = 19 ), EAEC ( n = 15 ), Norovirus ( n = 10 ), Shigella spp./EIEC ( n = 6 ), Cryptosporidium parvum ( n = 3 ), Giardia duodenalis ( n = 2 ), Salmonella spp.
( n = 1 ), Astrovirus ( n = 1 ), Rotavirus ( n = 1 ), and Sapovirus ( n = 1 ).
ESBL-positive Enterobacteriaceae were grown from 13 out of 48 samples.
Simultaneous infections with several enteropathogenic agents were observed in 23 instances.
Symptoms were mild to moderate.
There were hints of autochthonous transmission.
Conclusions.
Multiplex real-time PCR proved to be suitable for diarrhea surveillance on deployment.
Etiological attribution is challenging in cases of detection of multiple pathogens.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Frickmann, Hagen& Warnke, Philipp& Frey, Claudia& Schmidt, Salvatore& Janke, Christian& Erkens, Kay…[et al.]. 2015. Surveillance of Food- and Smear-Transmitted Pathogens in European Soldiers with Diarrhea on Deployment in the Tropics: Experience from the European Union Training Mission (EUTM) Mali. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-15.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1055964
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Frickmann, Hagen…[et al.]. Surveillance of Food- and Smear-Transmitted Pathogens in European Soldiers with Diarrhea on Deployment in the Tropics: Experience from the European Union Training Mission (EUTM) Mali. BioMed Research International No. 2015 (2015), pp.1-15.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1055964
American Medical Association (AMA)
Frickmann, Hagen& Warnke, Philipp& Frey, Claudia& Schmidt, Salvatore& Janke, Christian& Erkens, Kay…[et al.]. Surveillance of Food- and Smear-Transmitted Pathogens in European Soldiers with Diarrhea on Deployment in the Tropics: Experience from the European Union Training Mission (EUTM) Mali. BioMed Research International. 2015. Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-15.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1055964
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1055964