Parametric Modeling of Human Gradient Walking for Predicting Minimum Energy Expenditure

Abstract EN

A mathematical model to predict the optimum gradient for a minimum energetic cost is proposed, based on previous results that showed a minimum energetic cost when gradient is −10%.

The model focuses on the variation in mechanical energy during gradient walking.

It is shown that kinetic energy plays a marginal role in low speed gradient walking.

Therefore, the model considers only potential energy.

A mathematical parameter that depends on step length was introduced, showing that the optimal gradient is a function of that parameter.

Consequently, the optimal negative gradient depends on the individual step length.

The model explains why recent results do not suggest a single optimal gradient but rather a range around −10%.