Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma of the Mandible: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature

Abstract EN

Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma is an uncommon odontogenic tumor composed of a benign epithelial component and a malignant ectomesenchymal component most frequently seen in the third and fourth decades of life.

It mainly presents as a painful maxillary or mandibular swelling.

Radiographs show a radiolucent mass with ill-defined borders.

Radical surgical excision and long-term follow-up are the suggested treatment.

We report the case of a 22-year-old female with a 2-month history of an asymptomatic swelling in her left mandible.

Examination revealed an exophytic growth measuring 3×3 cm extending from the mandibular left first premolar to the second molar.

The patient underwent a left hemimandibular resection.

Histopathological examination revealed a biphasic tumor composed of inconspicuous islands of benign odontogenic epithelium and an abundant malignant mesenchymal component with marked cellularity, nuclear pleomorphism, hyperchromatism, and moderate mitotic figures with clear margins; one year after the surgical procedure, the patient is clinically and radiologically disease-free.