Clinical Applications of Hemolytic Markers in the Differential Diagnosis and Management of Hemolytic Anemia
Joint Authors
Source
Issue
Vol. 2015, Issue 2015 (31 Dec. 2015), pp.1-7, 7 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2015-12-27
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
7
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Several hemolytic markers are available to guide the differential diagnosis and to monitor treatment of hemolytic conditions.
They include increased reticulocytes, an indicator of marrow compensatory response, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, a marker of intravascular hemolysis, reduced haptoglobin, and unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia.
The direct antiglobulin test is the cornerstone of autoimmune forms, and blood smear examination is fundamental in the diagnosis of congenital membrane defects and thrombotic microangiopathies.
Marked increase of lactate dehydrogenase and hemosiderinuria are typical of intravascular hemolysis, as observed in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and hyperferritinemia is associated with chronic hemolysis.
Prosthetic valve replacement and stenting are also associated with intravascular and chronic hemolysis.
Compensatory reticulocytosis may be inadequate/absent in case of marrow involvement, iron/vitamin deficiency, infections, or autoimmune reaction against bone marrow-precursors.
Reticulocytopenia occurs in 20–40% of autoimmune hemolytic anemia cases and is a poor prognostic factor.
Increased reticulocytes, lactate dehydrogenase, and bilirubin, as well as reduced haptoglobin, are observed in conditions other than hemolysis that may confound the clinical picture.
Hemoglobin defines the clinical severity of hemolysis, and thrombocytopenia suggests a possible thrombotic microangiopathy or Evans’ syndrome.
A comprehensive clinical and laboratory evaluation is advisable for a correct diagnostic and therapeutic workup of the different hemolytic conditions.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Barcellini, W.& Fattizzo, B.. 2015. Clinical Applications of Hemolytic Markers in the Differential Diagnosis and Management of Hemolytic Anemia. Disease Markers،Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1060997
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Barcellini, W.& Fattizzo, B.. Clinical Applications of Hemolytic Markers in the Differential Diagnosis and Management of Hemolytic Anemia. Disease Markers No. 2015 (2015), pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1060997
American Medical Association (AMA)
Barcellini, W.& Fattizzo, B.. Clinical Applications of Hemolytic Markers in the Differential Diagnosis and Management of Hemolytic Anemia. Disease Markers. 2015. Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1060997
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1060997