Discussion on Reciprocity, Unitary Matrix, and Lossless Multiple Beam Forming Networks
Author
Source
International Journal of Antennas and Propagation
Issue
Vol. 2015, Issue 2015 (31 Dec. 2015), pp.1-9, 9 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2015-04-09
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
9
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
The Lorentz reciprocity theorem enables us to establish that the transmitting and receiving patterns of any antenna are identical, provided some hypotheses on this antenna and the surrounding medium are satisfied.
But reciprocity does not mean that the antenna behaves the same in the transmitting and the receiving modes.
In this paper, array antennas fed by multiple beam forming networks are discussed, highlighting the possibility to have different values of internal losses in the beam forming network depending on the operation mode.
In particular, a mathematical condition is derived for the specific case of a multiple beam forming network with lossless transmitting mode and lossy receiving mode, such a behavior being fully consistent with the reciprocity theorem.
A theoretical discussion is provided, starting from a simple 2-element array to a general M × N multiple beam forming network.
A more practical example is then given, discussing a specific 4 × 8 Nolen matrix design and comparing theoretical aspects with simulation results.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Fonseca, Nelson Jorge G.. 2015. Discussion on Reciprocity, Unitary Matrix, and Lossless Multiple Beam Forming Networks. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation،Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1065234
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Fonseca, Nelson Jorge G.. Discussion on Reciprocity, Unitary Matrix, and Lossless Multiple Beam Forming Networks. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation No. 2015 (2015), pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1065234
American Medical Association (AMA)
Fonseca, Nelson Jorge G.. Discussion on Reciprocity, Unitary Matrix, and Lossless Multiple Beam Forming Networks. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation. 2015. Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1065234
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1065234