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Enzymatic Transformation and Bonding of Sulfonamide Antibiotics to Model Humic Substances
Joint Authors
Knicker, Heike
Schaumann, G. E.
Thiele-Bruhn, S.
Schwarz, J.
Source
Issue
Vol. 2015, Issue 2015 (31 Dec. 2015), pp.1-11, 11 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2015-02-09
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
11
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Sulfonamides are consumed as pharmaceutical antibiotics and reach agricultural soils with excreta used as fertilizer.
Subsequently, nonextractable residues rapidly form in soil, which has been researched in a couple of studies.
To further elucidate conditions, strength, and mechanisms of the fixation to soil humic substances, three selected sulfonamides were investigated using the biochemical oligomerization of substituted phenols as a model for the humification process.
Catechol, guaiacol, and vanillin were enzymatically reacted using laccase from Trametes versicolor.
In the presence of the substituted phenols alone, the concentration of sulfonamides decreased.
This decrease was even more pronounced when additional laccase was present.
Upon the enzymatic oligomerization of the substituted phenols to a humic-like structure the sulfonamides were sorbed, transformed, sequestered, and nonextractable bound.
Sulfonamides were transformed depending on their molecular properties.
Fractions of different bonding strength were determined using a sequential extraction procedure.
Isolated nonextractable products were analyzed by chromatographic, spectroscopic, and calorimetric methods to identify coupling and bonding mechanisms of the sulfonamides.
Differential scanning calorimetry measurements suggested cross-linking of such incorporated sulfonamides in humic oligomers.
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements showed clear differences between the vanillin-sulfapyridine oligomer and the parent sulfapyridine indicating bound residue formation through covalent binding.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Schwarz, J.& Knicker, Heike& Schaumann, G. E.& Thiele-Bruhn, S.. 2015. Enzymatic Transformation and Bonding of Sulfonamide Antibiotics to Model Humic Substances. Journal of Chemistry،Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1067645
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Schwarz, J.…[et al.]. Enzymatic Transformation and Bonding of Sulfonamide Antibiotics to Model Humic Substances. Journal of Chemistry No. 2015 (2015), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1067645
American Medical Association (AMA)
Schwarz, J.& Knicker, Heike& Schaumann, G. E.& Thiele-Bruhn, S.. Enzymatic Transformation and Bonding of Sulfonamide Antibiotics to Model Humic Substances. Journal of Chemistry. 2015. Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1067645
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1067645