Fasting Blood Glucose Profile among Secondary School Adolescents in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

Abstract EN

Background.

Over the past two decades there has been an increase in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children.

Baseline data is needed to assess the impact of changing lifestyles on Ado-Ekiti, a previously semiurban community in Southwest Nigeria.

This study was therefore conducted to assess the fasting blood glucose (FBG) of adolescents in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.

Methodology.

This was a cross-sectional study involving 628 adolescents from three different secondary schools in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.

With parental consent, volunteers completed a structured questionnaire, and an overnight FBG was measured.

Results.

There were 346 males and 282 females (male : female ratio = 1.2 : 1).

Their ages ranged from 10 to 19 years (mean age: 14.2 ± 1.7 years).

Four hundred and forty-four (70.7%) had normal FBG, while 180 (28.7%) and 4 (0.6%) had FBG in the prediabetic and diabetic range, respectively.

Female gender, age group 10–14 years, and family history of obesity were significantly associated with impaired FBG ( P value <0.001, <0.001, and 0.045, resp.).

Conclusion.

Impaired FBG is common among secondary school adolescents and it is more prevalent among younger female adolescents (10–14 years) with positive family history of obesity.