التوجيه الاقتصادي للموارد المائية في القطاع الزراعي بمحافظة البحيرة في ظل تنفيذ مشروع الإدارة المتكاملة للموارد المائية

Abstract EN

Water resources are among the priorities of sustainable agricultural development, given the great challenge they represent in facing the increasing demands of society for food, which makes the management of water resources and the rationalization of their use a vital goal that must be achieved, especially in light of the water deficit facing Egypt, in addition to regional challenges.

That it faces with the Nile Basin countries, especially after the construction of the Ethiopian Renaissance Dam and its impact on Egypt's share of the Nile River water, which leads to Egypt adopting policies to rationalize water use by developing surface irrigation methods, and working to raise the efficiency of field irrigation in order to reduce water losses in Irrigation networks from Aswan to the field.

The research aimed at the economic direction of water resources in the agricultural sector in Buhaira governorate in the case of implementing the integrated water resources management project using linear programming in light of the scenarios of the Renaissance Dam.

The research relied on the method of descriptive and quantitative analysis in achieving the objectives, especially the use of the linear programming method, whether models of maximizing or minimizing the goals that were formulated to achieve the objectives of the study.

It is clear that the crop composition of Beheira Governorate includes the production of 18 crops that represent the majority of the winter and summer field and vegetable crops, which are cultivated with an area of about 1.11 million acres, of which 620.2 thousand acres are designated for winter crops, which include 12 crops represented in wheat, barley, beans, sugar beet, alfalfa.

Perennial, alfalfa, flax, winter onions, garlic, winter potatoes and tomatoes, while the area of summer crops is about 491 thousand acres, including 6 crops represented in rice, maize, peanuts, sunflower, cotton and sesame.

It was also found that the total net return is about 4.12 billion pounds, with an average net return of about 3706 per acre, and the actual crop composition consumes about 3.1 billion m3 of water resources, and it was found that the total number of work days used for the actual crop composition amounted to about 15.5 million man-days.

About 7.5 million working days are born, and the actual crop composition uses about 186,000 tons of nitrogenous fertilizers, and about 42.2 thousand tons of potasium fertilizers, and the actual crop composition also uses about 201,600 tons of phosphate fertilizers.

The results also show that under the integrated water resources management model, which assumes a reduction in the water ration by 10% for each planting, the efficiency of resource use has increased under this directive, as the net return per feddan increased by about 7.1%, 10.2% and 25.7% for the three scenarios, respectively, and increased The unit water return is about 25.5%, 36% and 76.7% for the three scenarios, respectively.

Increasing the crop area by about 17.8%, 23.4% and 33.3% for the three scenarios, respectively.