Influence of using of saponin-carbopol mixture adjuvant on the potency of freeze-dried bovine ephemeral fever virus vaccine

Abstract EN

Identification of optimal complex adjuvant and bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) antigen combination to elicit potent, protective, and long lasting immunity has been a major challenge for improvement of the vaccines potency againstbovine ephemeral fever virus.

In this study, three different concentrations (0.1, 0.2 and 0.5% ) of a cross-linked polyanionic carbopol combined with a constant concentration (0.2 µg /ml) of saponin were used as solvents for the freeze dried BEF vaccine.

The immunogenicity of these formulae was evaluated through application of serum neutralization test (SNT) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on serum samples obtained from different vaccinated groups of cattle in comparison with those obtained from cattle vaccinated with the BEF vaccine reconstituted in saponin diluent only.

The results showed that the usage of (0.2% or 0.5% ) of carbopol with (0.2 µg /ml) of saponin as a diluent for the freeze dried BEF vaccine induced the highest levels (3.12 and 3.14 Log2 respectively) of specific bovine ephemeral fever antibodies with long lasting immunity in vaccinated cattle.

Thus, it could be recommended to use this diluent (carpobol plus saponin) as adjuvant to bovine ephemeral fever virus vaccine.