Prevalence and Correlates of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Nigerians with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract EN

Background.

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a major risk factor for nonhealing foot ulcers in people with diabetes.

A number of traditional risk factors have been reported to be associated with PAD; however, there may be a need to consider nontraditional risk factors especially in some vulnerable populations.

This study determined the prevalence and risk factors associated with PAD in diabetics.

Methods.

One hundred and fifty type 2 diabetics and an equal number of age- and sex-matched apparently healthy controls were studied.

Assessment of PAD was made using history, palpation of lower limb vessels, and measurement of ankle-brachial index (ABI).

Statistically significant differences between categorical and continuous variables were determined using Chi square (χ2) and Student t-tests, respectively.

Regression analysis was done to determine the associated risk factors for PAD.

Results.

Prevalence of PAD using ABI was 22.0% and 8.0% among diabetic and nondiabetic populations, respectively.

Peripheral arterial disease was associated with age, male gender, waist circumference, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.

Conclusion.

This study highlights the high prevalence of PAD in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and in apparently healthy controls; age, male gender, abdominal obesity, and high hs-CRP values were the associated risk factors.