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The Causes of HIV-Associated Cardiomyopathy: A Tale of Two Worlds
Joint Authors
Lumsden, Rebecca H.
Bloomfield, Gerald S.
Source
Issue
Vol. 2016, Issue 2016 (31 Dec. 2016), pp.1-9, 9 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2016-01-17
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
9
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed the clinical profile of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from an acute infection with a high mortality into a treatable, chronic disease.
As a result, the clinical sequelae of HIV infection are changing as patients live longer.
HIV-associated cardiomyopathy (HIVAC) is a stage IV, HIV-defining illness and remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected individuals despite ART.
Causes and clinical manifestations of HIVAC depend on the degree of host immunosuppression.
Myocarditis from direct HIV toxicity, opportunistic infections, and nutritional deficiencies are implicated in causing HIVAC when HIV viral replication is unchecked, whereas cardiac autoimmunity, chronic inflammation, and ART cardiotoxicity contribute to HIVAC in individuals with suppressed viral loads.
The initiation of ART has dramatically changed the clinical manifestation of HIVAC in high income countries from one of severe, left ventricular systolic dysfunction to a pattern of subclinical cardiac dysfunction characterized by abnormal diastolic function and strain.
In low and middle income countries, however, HIVAC is the most common HIV-associated cardiovascular disease.
Clear diagnostic and treatment guidelines for HIVAC are currently lacking but should be prioritized given the global burden of HIVAC.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Lumsden, Rebecca H.& Bloomfield, Gerald S.. 2016. The Causes of HIV-Associated Cardiomyopathy: A Tale of Two Worlds. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1098998
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Lumsden, Rebecca H.& Bloomfield, Gerald S.. The Causes of HIV-Associated Cardiomyopathy: A Tale of Two Worlds. BioMed Research International No. 2016 (2016), pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1098998
American Medical Association (AMA)
Lumsden, Rebecca H.& Bloomfield, Gerald S.. The Causes of HIV-Associated Cardiomyopathy: A Tale of Two Worlds. BioMed Research International. 2016. Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1098998
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1098998