The Alternative Faces of Macrophage Generate Osteoclasts
Joint Authors
Source
Issue
Vol. 2016, Issue 2016 (31 Dec. 2016), pp.1-9, 9 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2016-02-08
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
9
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
The understanding of how osteoclasts are generated and whether they can be altered by inflammatory stimuli is a topic of particular interest for osteoclastogenesis.
It is known that the monocyte/macrophage lineage gives rise to osteoclasts (OCs) by the action of macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), which induce cell differentiation through their receptors, c-fms and RANK, respectively.
The multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) generated by the engagement of RANK/RANKL are typical OCs.
Nevertheless, very few studies have addressed the question of which subset of macrophages generates OCs.
Indeed, two main subsets of macrophages are postulated, the inflammatory or classically activated type (M1) and the anti-inflammatory or alternatively activated type (M2).
It has been proposed that macrophages can be polarized in vitro towards a predominantly M1 or M2 phenotype with the addition of granulocyte macrophage- (GM-) CSF or M-CSF, respectively.
Various inflammatory stimuli known to induce macrophage polarization, such as LPS or TNF-α, can alter the type of MGC obtained from RANKL-induced differentiation.
This review aims to highlight the role of immune-related stimuli and factors in inducing macrophages towards the osteoclastogenesis choice.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Lampiasi, N.& Russo, R.& Zito, F.. 2016. The Alternative Faces of Macrophage Generate Osteoclasts. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1099231
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Lampiasi, N.…[et al.]. The Alternative Faces of Macrophage Generate Osteoclasts. BioMed Research International No. 2016 (2016), pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1099231
American Medical Association (AMA)
Lampiasi, N.& Russo, R.& Zito, F.. The Alternative Faces of Macrophage Generate Osteoclasts. BioMed Research International. 2016. Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1099231
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1099231