Intra- and Extracranial MR Venography: Technical Notes, Clinical Application, and Imaging Development
Joint Authors
Bastianello, Stefano
De Icco, Roberto
Paoletti, M.
Germani, G.
Asteggiano, C.
Zamboni, Paolo
Source
Issue
Vol. 2016, Issue 2016 (31 Dec. 2016), pp.1-9, 9 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2016-05-31
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
9
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Scientific debate over chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has drawn attention to venous system involvement in a series of pathologic brain conditions.
In the last few decades, the MRI venography (MRV) field has developed a number of valuable sequences to better investigate structural anatomy, vessel patency, and flow characteristics of venous drainage in the intra- and extracranial systems.
A brief two-tier protocol is proposed to encompass the study of intra- and extracranial venous drainage with and without contrast administration, respectively.
Contrast-enhanced protocol is based on time-resolved contrast-enhanced MRV of the whole region plus extracranial flow quantification through 2D Cine phase contrast (PC); non-contrast-enhanced protocol includes intracranial 3D PC, extracranial 2D time of flight (TOF), and 2D Cine PC flow quantification.
Total scanning time is reasonable for clinical applications: approximately seven minutes is allocated for the contrast protocol (most of which is due to 2D Cine PC), while the noncontrast protocol accounts for around twenty minutes.
We believe that a short though exhaustive MRI scan of the whole intra- and extracranial venous drainage system can be valuable for a variety of pathologic conditions, given the possible venous implication in several neurological conditions.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Paoletti, M.& Germani, G.& De Icco, Roberto& Asteggiano, C.& Zamboni, Paolo& Bastianello, Stefano. 2016. Intra- and Extracranial MR Venography: Technical Notes, Clinical Application, and Imaging Development. Behavioural Neurology،Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1099434
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Paoletti, M.…[et al.]. Intra- and Extracranial MR Venography: Technical Notes, Clinical Application, and Imaging Development. Behavioural Neurology No. 2016 (2016), pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1099434
American Medical Association (AMA)
Paoletti, M.& Germani, G.& De Icco, Roberto& Asteggiano, C.& Zamboni, Paolo& Bastianello, Stefano. Intra- and Extracranial MR Venography: Technical Notes, Clinical Application, and Imaging Development. Behavioural Neurology. 2016. Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1099434
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1099434