Immunomodulatory Efficacy of Standardized Annona muricata (Graviola) Leaf Extract via Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways in RAW 264.7 Macrophages
Joint Authors
Shim, Soon-Mi
Kim, Goon-Tae
Tran, Nguyen Khoi Song
Choi, Eun-Hye
Song, Yoo-Jeong
Song, Jae-Hwi
Park, Tae-Sik
Source
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Issue
Vol. 2016, Issue 2016 (31 Dec. 2016), pp.1-10, 10 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2016-12-21
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
10
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Annona muricata, commonly known as Graviola, has been utilized as a traditional medicine to treat various human diseases.
The aim of this study was to examine the immune-enhancing activity of Graviola leaf extracts in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.
Active ingredients in Graviola leaf extracts (GE) were identified as kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside by LC-MS/MS.
When treated with steam or 50% ethanol GE, cell morphology was altered due to initiation of cell differentiation.
While the cell viability was not altered by the steam GE, it was reduced by the ethanol GE.
Both steam and ethanol GE induced the transcriptional expression of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β, but only the steam extract upregulated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).
In consistence with mRNA expression, the production of TNF-α and nitrite was elevated by both steam and ethanol extracts of Graviola leaves.
This is mainly due to activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathways.
These results suggest that Graviola leaves enhance immunity by activation of the MAP kinase pathways.
These bioactive properties of Graviola indicate its potential as a health-promoting ingredient to boost the immune system.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Kim, Goon-Tae& Tran, Nguyen Khoi Song& Choi, Eun-Hye& Song, Yoo-Jeong& Song, Jae-Hwi& Shim, Soon-Mi…[et al.]. 2016. Immunomodulatory Efficacy of Standardized Annona muricata (Graviola) Leaf Extract via Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways in RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine،Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1104025
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Kim, Goon-Tae…[et al.]. Immunomodulatory Efficacy of Standardized Annona muricata (Graviola) Leaf Extract via Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways in RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine No. 2016 (2016), pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1104025
American Medical Association (AMA)
Kim, Goon-Tae& Tran, Nguyen Khoi Song& Choi, Eun-Hye& Song, Yoo-Jeong& Song, Jae-Hwi& Shim, Soon-Mi…[et al.]. Immunomodulatory Efficacy of Standardized Annona muricata (Graviola) Leaf Extract via Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways in RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2016. Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1104025
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1104025