Application of Long-Range Surface Plasmon Resonance for ABO Blood Typing

Abstract EN

In this study, we demonstrate a long-range surface plasmon resonance (LR-SPR) biosensor for the detection of whole cell by captured antigens A and B on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) as a model.

The LR-SPR sensor chip consists of high-refractive index glass, a Cytop film layer, and a thin gold (Au) film, which makes the evanescent field intensity and the penetration depth longer than conventional SPR.

Therefore, the LR-SPR biosensor has improved capability for detecting large analytes, such as RBCs.

The antibodies specific to blood group A and group B (Anti-A and Anti-B) are covalently immobilized on a grafting self-assembled monolayer (SAM)/Au surface on the biosensor.

For blood typing, RBC samples can be detected by the LR-SPR biosensor through a change in the refractive index.

We determined that the results of blood typing using the LR-SPR biosensor are consistent with the results obtained from the agglutination test.

We obtained the lowest detection limits of 1.58 × 105 cells/ml for RBC-A and 3.83 × 105 cells/ml for RBC-B, indicating that the LR-SPR chip has a higher sensitivity than conventional SPR biosensors (3.3 × 108 cells/ml).

The surface of the biosensor can be efficiently regenerated using 20 mM NaOH.

In summary, as the LR-SPR technique is sensitive and has a simple experimental setup, it can easily be applied for ABO blood group typing.