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Hib Vaccines: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives
Joint Authors
Redwan, Elrashdy M.
Zarei, Adi Essam
Almehdar, Hussein A.
Source
Journal of Immunology Research
Issue
Vol. 2016, Issue 2016 (31 Dec. 2016), pp.1-18, 18 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2016-01-20
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
18
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) causes many severe diseases, including epiglottitis, pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis.
In developed countries, the annual incidence of meningitis caused by bacteria is approximately 5–10 cases per population of 100,000.
The Hib conjugate vaccine is considered protective and safe.
Adjuvants, molecules that can enhance and/or regulate the fundamental immunogenicity of an antigen, comprise a wide range of diverse compounds.
While earlier developments of adjuvants created effective products, there is still a need to create new generations, rationally designed based on recent discoveries in immunology, mainly in innate immunity.
Many factors may play a role in the immunogenicity of Hib conjugate vaccines, such as the polysaccharides and proteins carrier used in vaccine construction, as well as the method of conjugation.
A Hib conjugate vaccine has been constructed via chemical synthesis of a Hib saccharide antigen.
Two models of carbohydrate-protein conjugate have been established, the single ended model (terminal amination-single method) and cross-linked lattice matrix (dual amination method).
Increased knowledge in the fields of immunology, molecular biology, glycobiology, glycoimmunology, and the biology of infectious microorganisms has led to a dramatic increase in vaccine efficacy.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Zarei, Adi Essam& Almehdar, Hussein A.& Redwan, Elrashdy M.. 2016. Hib Vaccines: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives. Journal of Immunology Research،Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-18.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1108866
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Zarei, Adi Essam…[et al.]. Hib Vaccines: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives. Journal of Immunology Research No. 2016 (2016), pp.1-18.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1108866
American Medical Association (AMA)
Zarei, Adi Essam& Almehdar, Hussein A.& Redwan, Elrashdy M.. Hib Vaccines: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives. Journal of Immunology Research. 2016. Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-18.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1108866
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1108866