Plasma Cytokine Profiles in Long-Term Strenuous Exercise

Abstract EN

The open window theory indicates altered immunity 3 to 72 hours after exercise.

The J-curve describes the risk of illness in response to exercise.

The aim of this study was to examine the secretion of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines before and after long-term strenuous exercise.

Fourteen marathon and 16 half-marathon runners and 10 military cadets participating in a military ranger-training course were recruited to this study.

Within-subject design was used measuring levels of plasma cytokines before, during, and after exercise.

Plasma cytokines were measured using Luminex multiplex technology and ELISA.

Comparing pre/post plasma levels both the marathon- and the half-marathon runners showed heavily increased levels of IL-6, IL-10, and IL-8 ( P < 0.001 ).

LPS stimulation among the half-marathon runners decreased the postrace levels of IL-6, IL-1b, and TNFα by 45%, 24%, and 43%, respectively ( P < 0.01 ).

During the ranger training course the spontaneous and LPS-stimulated levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1b, and TNFα changed in a similar fashion as in the half-marathon runners although the fluctuations were smaller.

Our study supports the open window and the J-curve theory; the immune system is more activated and the subjects are more threatened to infectious pathogens after intensive physical activity and in the period after exercise.