Melatonin Attenuates Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Diabetic Rats: The Role of Interleukin-33 and Oxidative Stress

Abstract EN

Background.

Inflammation and oxidative stress (OxS) contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN).

Patients with DKD were found to be more prone to CIN.

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a proinflammatory cytokine, but its role in DKD and CIN is unknown.

Methods.

Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were enrolled.

The first group was comprised of healthy rats (HRs), whereas the other four groups were made up of diabetic rats (DRs), diabetic rats with contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN + DRs), melatonin-treated diabetic rats (MTDRs), and melatonin-treated CIN + DRs (MTCIN + DRs).

All groups except the HRs received 50 mg/kg/day streptozotocin (STZ).

CIN + DRs were constituted by administrating 1.5 mg/kg of intravenous radiocontrast dye on the 35th day.

MTDRs and MTCIN + DRs were given 20 mg/kg/day of intraperitoneal injection of melatonin (MT) from the 28th day for the constitutive seven days.

Results.

We observed increased IL-33 in the kidney tissue following induction of CIN in DRs.

To determine whether MT is effective in preventing CIN, we administered MT in CIN + DRs and demonstrated that kidney tissue levels of OxS markers, inflammatory cytokines, and IL-33 were significantly diminished in MTCIN + DRs compared with other groups without MT treatment (p<0.05).

Conclusion.

Inhibition of IL-33 with MT provides therapeutic potential in DKD with CIN.