Where Environment Meets Cognition: A Focus on Two Developmental Intellectual Disability Disorders
Joint Authors
Toma, I. De
Gil, L. Manubens
Ossowski, S.
Dierssen, M.
Source
Issue
Vol. 2016, Issue 2016 (31 Dec. 2016), pp.1-20, 20 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2016-07-28
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
20
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
One of the most challenging questions in neuroscience is to dissect how learning and memory, the foundational pillars of cognition, are grounded in stable, yet plastic, gene expression states.
All known epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodelling, and noncoding RNAs regulate brain gene expression, both during neurodevelopment and in the adult brain in processes related to cognition.
On the other hand, alterations in the various components of the epigenetic machinery have been linked to well-known causes of intellectual disability disorders (IDDs).
Two examples are Down Syndrome (DS) and Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), where global and local epigenetic alterations lead to impairments in synaptic plasticity, memory, and learning.
Since epigenetic modifications are reversible, it is theoretically possible to use epigenetic drugs as cognitive enhancers for the treatment of IDDs.
Epigenetic treatments act in a context specific manner, targeting different regions based on cell and state specific chromatin accessibility, facilitating the establishment of the lost balance.
Here, we discuss epigenetic studies of IDDs, focusing on DS and FXS, and the use of epidrugs in combinatorial therapies for IDDs.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Toma, I. De& Gil, L. Manubens& Ossowski, S.& Dierssen, M.. 2016. Where Environment Meets Cognition: A Focus on Two Developmental Intellectual Disability Disorders. Neural Plasticity،Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-20.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1113136
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Toma, I. De…[et al.]. Where Environment Meets Cognition: A Focus on Two Developmental Intellectual Disability Disorders. Neural Plasticity No. 2016 (2016), pp.1-20.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1113136
American Medical Association (AMA)
Toma, I. De& Gil, L. Manubens& Ossowski, S.& Dierssen, M.. Where Environment Meets Cognition: A Focus on Two Developmental Intellectual Disability Disorders. Neural Plasticity. 2016. Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-20.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1113136
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1113136