Efficacy of rhBMP-2 Loaded PCLβ-TCPbdECM Scaffold Fabricated by 3D Printing Technology on Bone Regeneration

Abstract EN

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of 3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL)/β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold containing bone demineralized and decellularized extracellular matrix (bdECM) and human recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) on bone regeneration.

Scaffolds were divided into PCL/β-TCP, PCL/β-TCP/bdECM, and PCL/β-TCP/bdECM/BMP groups.

In vitro release kinetics of rhBMP-2 were determined with respect to cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.

These three reconstructive materials were implanted into 8 mm diameter calvarial bone defect in male Sprague-Dawley rats.

Animals were sacrificed four weeks after implantation for micro-CT, histologic, and histomorphometric analyses.

The findings obtained were used to calculate new bone volumes (mm3) and new bone areas (%).

Excellent cell bioactivity was observed in the PCL/β-TCP/bdECM and PCL/β-TCP/bdECM/BMP groups, and new bone volume and area were significantly higher in the PCL/β-TCP/bdECM/BMP group than in the other groups ( p < .

05 ).

Within the limitations of this study, bdECM printed PCL/β-TCP scaffolds can reproduce microenvironment for cells and promote adhering and proliferating the cells onto scaffolds.

Furthermore, in the rat calvarial defect model, the scaffold which printed rhBMP-2 loaded bdECM stably carries rhBMP-2 and enhances bone regeneration confirming the possibility of bdECM as rhBMP-2 carrier.