Papain Ameliorates the MPAs Formation-Mediated Activation of Monocytes by Inhibiting Cox-2 Expression via Regulating the MAPKs and PI3KAkt Signal Pathway
Joint Authors
Fei, Xianming
Yuan, Wufeng
Zhao, Yan
Wang, Huan
Bai, Shi
Huang, Qinghua
Source
Issue
Vol. 2018, Issue 2018 (31 Dec. 2018), pp.1-11, 11 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2018-10-16
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
11
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Monocytes activation and subsequent inflammatory response mediated by monocyte-platelet aggregates (MPAs) formation play the key roles in the early pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS).
Exploration of novel drugs to ameliorate MPAs formation-mediated monocytes activation would be helpful for the treatment of AS patients.
Papain has definite pharmacological effects including antiplatelet, thrombolysis, and anti-inflammation.
However, its effect on MPAs formation and the following monocytes activation remains vague.
This study aimed to illustrate the underlying mechanisms of papain on MPAs formation-initiated monocytes activation in vitro.
In this study, Papain, Cox-2 inhibitor (NS-398), and NF-κB agonist (TNF-α) were used as the treating agents, respectively.
MPAs formation and activated monocytes were measured by flow cytometry (FCM).
Cox-2 mRNA, MCP-1, and proteins of Cox-2 and NF-κB signal pathway were detected by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and western blotting, respectively.
As we observed, papain exhibited the powerful inhibitory effects on thrombin-mediated MPAs formation and monocytes activation in a concentration-dependent manner as what Cox-2 inhibitor demonstrated.
However, the inhibitory tendency was significantly reversed by TNF-α.
We also discovered that both Cox-2 mRNA and protein expression as well as the release of MCP-1 of monocyte was inhibited by either papain or NS-398, but TNF-α stimulated Cox-2 expression and release of MCP-1.
The results of western blotting assay indicated that thrombin-mediated proteins expression of MAPKs and PI3K/Akt signal pathway was inhibited by papain and NS-398.
However, TNF-α notably abated the inhibitory effects of papain on the process of MPAs-initiated monocytes activation.
Our findings suggest that papain can inhibit the MPAs formation-mediated activation of monocytes by inhibiting the MAPKs and PI3K/Akt signal pathway.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Fei, Xianming& Yuan, Wufeng& Zhao, Yan& Wang, Huan& Bai, Shi& Huang, Qinghua. 2018. Papain Ameliorates the MPAs Formation-Mediated Activation of Monocytes by Inhibiting Cox-2 Expression via Regulating the MAPKs and PI3KAkt Signal Pathway. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1125977
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Fei, Xianming…[et al.]. Papain Ameliorates the MPAs Formation-Mediated Activation of Monocytes by Inhibiting Cox-2 Expression via Regulating the MAPKs and PI3KAkt Signal Pathway. BioMed Research International No. 2018 (2018), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1125977
American Medical Association (AMA)
Fei, Xianming& Yuan, Wufeng& Zhao, Yan& Wang, Huan& Bai, Shi& Huang, Qinghua. Papain Ameliorates the MPAs Formation-Mediated Activation of Monocytes by Inhibiting Cox-2 Expression via Regulating the MAPKs and PI3KAkt Signal Pathway. BioMed Research International. 2018. Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1125977
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1125977