The Potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn in Inducing Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 via SGLT-1 and GLPR in DM Rats

Abstract EN

Background.

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) hormone is an incretin hormone that is secreted in the ileum and plays a role in the pancreas to increase insulin secretion, stimulate proliferation, and prevent pancreatic β-cell apoptosis.

Currently, diabetes mellitus (DM) treatment based on GLP-1 work is being developed, for instance, from herbal plants such as Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn (H.

sabdariffa).

Therefore, this study aims to determine the potential of H.

sabdariffa in GLP-1 secretion in the ileum and its action in pancreatic β-cells.

In addition, this study also aims to determine the active ingredients of H.

sabdariffa (Hib) that interact with sodium-glucose cotransporter-1 (SGLT-1) so that it can increase GLP-1 secretion in the ileum and interact with GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1R) in the pancreas.

Method.

This experimental study used 24 experimental animals of Sprague–Dawley type (aged 8–10 weeks, weight 200–250 g) that were divided into 6 groups, namely, (i) normal (C), (ii) normal-Hib 200 (C-Hib200), (iii) normal-Hib 500 (C-Hib500), (iv) DM (C-DM), (v) DM-Hib200, and (vi) DM-Hib500.

H.

sabdariffa extract was given orally once a day for 5 weeks.

Testing of GLP-1 levels in the ileum and pancreatic tissue was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

The prediction of the interaction mechanism of the active substance H.

sabdariffa against GLP-1 was done using molecular docking.

Results.

There was a decrease in GLP-1 levels in the ileum of DM rats (p<0.05).

However, DM rats administered H.

sabdariffa 500 mg/kg BW had GLP-1 levels that were the same as in normal rats (p>0.05).

This is due to active ingredients such as leucosin, which binds to SGLT-1.

Administration of 500 mg/kg BW H.

sabdariffa in DM rats resulted in GLP-1 levels in the pancreas that were the same as in normal rats (p>0.05).

In addition, the active ingredient of H.

sabdariffa, delphinidin, binds to GLPR in the pancreas.

Conclusion.

The active ingredient of H.

sabdariffa can increase GLP-1 secretion in the ileum and can interact with G protein-linked receptors in the pancreas.