Psychometric Evaluation of Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Quality after a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Longitudinal Study
Joint Authors
Chen, Po-Shen
Wong, Chung-Shun
Chang, Cheng-Fu
Chiu, Wen-Ta
Liao, Kuo-Hsing
Chen, Kai-Yun
Tsai, Shin-Han
Ou, Ju-chi
Tsai, Yan-Rou
Wang, Jia-Yi
Chiang, Yung-Hsiao
Wu, Chung-Che
Ma, Hon-Ping
Source
Issue
Vol. 2019, Issue 2019 (31 Dec. 2019), pp.1-9, 9 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2019-04-14
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
9
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Introduction.
Over 1 million mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) cases are reported annually worldwide and may result in cognitive, physical, and emotional deterioration; depression; anxiety; and sleep problems.
However, studies on long-term mTBI effects are limited.
This study included 440 patients, and regular follow-ups of psychological assessments were performed for 2 years.
Four questionnaires, including the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Beck’s anxiety inventory (BAI), and Beck’s depression inventory (BDI), were used to evaluate sleep problems, daytime sleepiness, anxiety, and depression, respectively.
Results show that BAI and BDI scores considerably improved at the 6th-week, 1st-year, and 2nd-year follow-ups compared to baseline, yet these remained significantly different.
In addition, anxiety and depression were prominent symptoms in a select subgroup of patients with poor initial evaluations, which improved over the 2 years.
However, the ESS and PSQI scores fluctuated only mildly over the same time span.
In conclusion, the mTBI patients showed a gradual improvement of anxiety and depression over the 2 years following injury.
While anxiety and depression levels for mTBI patients in general did not return to premorbid status, improvements were observed.
Sleep disorders persisted and were consistent with initial levels of distress.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Ma, Hon-Ping& Chen, Po-Shen& Wong, Chung-Shun& Chang, Cheng-Fu& Ou, Ju-chi& Tsai, Yan-Rou…[et al.]. 2019. Psychometric Evaluation of Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Quality after a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Longitudinal Study. Behavioural Neurology،Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1128981
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Ma, Hon-Ping…[et al.]. Psychometric Evaluation of Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Quality after a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Longitudinal Study. Behavioural Neurology No. 2019 (2019), pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1128981
American Medical Association (AMA)
Ma, Hon-Ping& Chen, Po-Shen& Wong, Chung-Shun& Chang, Cheng-Fu& Ou, Ju-chi& Tsai, Yan-Rou…[et al.]. Psychometric Evaluation of Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Quality after a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Longitudinal Study. Behavioural Neurology. 2019. Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1128981
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1128981