Secondary Metabolites of Saussurea costus Leaf Extract Induce Apoptosis in Breast, Liver, and Colon Cancer Cells by Caspase-3-Dependent Intrinsic Pathway
Joint Authors
Shati, Ali A.
Al-kahtani, Mohammed Ali
Rajagopalan, Prasanna
Alfaifi, Mohamed Y.
Elbehairi, Serag Eldin I.
Elsaid, Fahmy G.
Mir, Mushtaq A.
Source
Issue
Vol. 2020, Issue 2020 (31 Dec. 2020), pp.1-11, 11 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2020-07-13
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
11
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Background.
Apoptosis, a major form of programmed cell death, plays a vital role in regulating tissue development and maintenance of homeostasis in eukaryotes.
Apoptosis can occur via a death receptor-dependent extrinsic or a mitochondrial-dependent intrinsic pathway and can be induced by various chemotherapeutic agents.
In this study, the anticancer activity of Saussurea costus and its mode of intervention in human cancer cells of breast, colon, and liver were investigated.
Results.
In this study, the bioactives of S.
costus leaves were extensively extracted in five solvents of different polarity.
The cytotoxicity and anticancer effect of the extracted secondary metabolites were investigated against breast (MCF-7), liver (HepG2), and colon (HCT116) cancer cell lines using a Sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assay.
Secondary metabolites extracted using hexane, methanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform had the highest cytotoxicity and thus the greatest anticancer effect on all the cancer cell lines tested (IC50; ranging from 0.25 to 2.5 μg/ml), while butanol was comparatively less active (IC50; ranging from 23.2 to 25.5 μg/ml).
Further investigation using DNA flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy revealed that the extract arrested the cells in the G1 phase of cell cycle and induced apoptosis.
Furthermore, the elevated expression level of proapoptotic proteins and decreased expression level of antiapoptotic proteins confirmed that the intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathway was involved in mediating the apoptosis of cancer cells upon treatment with S.
costus extract.
These results altogether suggest that S.
costus could be a potential anticancer agent.
Conclusion.
These results suggest that the S.
costus extract is the potential source of the secondary metabolites that could be used as anticancer agent to treat diverse cancers of breast, colon, and liver.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Shati, Ali A.& Al-kahtani, Mohammed Ali& Alfaifi, Mohamed Y.& Elbehairi, Serag Eldin I.& Elsaid, Fahmy G.& Rajagopalan, Prasanna…[et al.]. 2020. Secondary Metabolites of Saussurea costus Leaf Extract Induce Apoptosis in Breast, Liver, and Colon Cancer Cells by Caspase-3-Dependent Intrinsic Pathway. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1131759
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Shati, Ali A.…[et al.]. Secondary Metabolites of Saussurea costus Leaf Extract Induce Apoptosis in Breast, Liver, and Colon Cancer Cells by Caspase-3-Dependent Intrinsic Pathway. BioMed Research International No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1131759
American Medical Association (AMA)
Shati, Ali A.& Al-kahtani, Mohammed Ali& Alfaifi, Mohamed Y.& Elbehairi, Serag Eldin I.& Elsaid, Fahmy G.& Rajagopalan, Prasanna…[et al.]. Secondary Metabolites of Saussurea costus Leaf Extract Induce Apoptosis in Breast, Liver, and Colon Cancer Cells by Caspase-3-Dependent Intrinsic Pathway. BioMed Research International. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1131759
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1131759