Self-Esteem as a Complex Dynamic System: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Microlevel Dynamics

Abstract EN

The variability of self-esteem is an important characteristic of self-esteem.

However, little is known about the mechanisms that underlie it.

The goal of the current study was to empirically explore these underlying mechanisms.

It is commonly assumed that state self-esteem (the fleeting experience of the self) is a response to the immediate social context.

Drawing from a complex dynamic systems perspective, the self-organizing self-esteem model asserts that this responsivity is not passive or stimulus-response like, but that the impact of the social context on state self-esteem is intimately connected to the intrinsic dynamics of self-esteem.

The model suggests that intrinsic dynamics are the result of higher-order self-esteem attractors that can constrain state self-esteem variability.

The current study tests this model, and more specifically, the prediction that state self-esteem variability is less influenced by changes in the immediate context if relatively strong, as opposed to weak, self-esteem attractors underlie intrinsic dynamics of self-esteem.

To test this, parent-adolescent dyads (N=13, Mage=13.6) were filmed during seminaturalistic discussions.

Observable components of adolescent state self-esteem were coded in real time, as well as real-time parental autonomy-support and relatedness.

Kohonen’s self-organizing maps were used to derive attractor-like patterns: repeated higher-order patterns of adolescents’ self-esteem components.

State space grids were used to assess how much adolescents’ self-esteem attractors constrained their state self-esteem variability.

We found varying levels of attractor strength in our sample.

In accordance with our prediction, we found that state self-esteem was less sensitive to changes in parental support and relatedness for adolescents with stronger self-esteem attractors.

Discussion revolves around the implications of our findings for the ontology of self-esteem.