Effective Remediation Strategy for Xenobiotic Zoxamide by Pure Bacterial Strains, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus pneumoniae
Joint Authors
Ahmad, Khuram Shahzad
Sajid, Ayesha
Gul, Mahwash Mahar
Ali, Daoud
Source
Issue
Vol. 2020, Issue 2020 (31 Dec. 2020), pp.1-6, 6 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2020-11-09
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
6
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Zoxamide, a class IV hazardous fungicide, is perilous for the environment due to its highly persistent nature.
Up till the current date, there are no reports on the biodegradation of zoxamide.
The scarcity of knowledge in this domain led to the present research to evaluate the biodegradation of this benzamide fungicide by three bacterial strains, Escherichia coli (EC), Streptococcus pyogenes (SPy), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP).
Biotransformation of zoxamide was scrutinized in nutrient broth assemblies for a period of 28 days followed by UV-visible spectrophotometer and GC-MS analysis of the metabolites.
The results exhibited a low to medium biodegradation potential of the bacterial cells to metabolize zoxamide.
The highest biotransformation percentage was observed by E.
coli to be 29.8%.
The order of half-life calculated for the degradation results was EC 42.5 GC-MS analysis indicated the formation of several metabolites including, 2-(3,5-dichloro-4-methylphenyl)-4-ethyl-4-methyl-4H-1,3-oxazin-5(6H)-one, 3,5-dichloro-N-(3-hydroxy-1-ethyl-1-methyl--2-oxopropyl)-4-methylbenzamide and 3,5-dichloro-4-methylbenzamide. The research could influence the biotreatment strategies for the environmentally friendly eradication of xenobiotics.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Ahmad, Khuram Shahzad& Sajid, Ayesha& Gul, Mahwash Mahar& Ali, Daoud. 2020. Effective Remediation Strategy for Xenobiotic Zoxamide by Pure Bacterial Strains, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-6.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1134714
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Ahmad, Khuram Shahzad…[et al.]. Effective Remediation Strategy for Xenobiotic Zoxamide by Pure Bacterial Strains, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. BioMed Research International No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-6.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1134714
American Medical Association (AMA)
Ahmad, Khuram Shahzad& Sajid, Ayesha& Gul, Mahwash Mahar& Ali, Daoud. Effective Remediation Strategy for Xenobiotic Zoxamide by Pure Bacterial Strains, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. BioMed Research International. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-6.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1134714
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1134714