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Botulinum Toxin Injection-Site Selection for a Smooth Shoulder Line: An Anatomical Study
Joint Authors
Lee, Je-Hun
Han, Seung-Ho
Lee, Key Youn
Kim, Ji Young
Son, Woo Hyeon
Jeong, Ji Heun
Gil Jeong, Young
Kwon, Seongoh
Source
Issue
Vol. 2017, Issue 2017 (31 Dec. 2017), pp.1-5, 5 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2017-01-26
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
5
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Introduction.
This study aimed to improve the accuracy of manual needle placement into the trapezius (TM) for smooth shoulder line.
Methods.
For macroscopic study 12 TMs and for microscopic study 4 cadavers were detached and then sampled, 1⁎1 cm at the four points from the origin to insertion site (0% at the most lateral point of external occipital protuberance and 100% at the most lateral point of acromion).
Results.
Most of the nerve endings observed during macroscopic investigations were concentrated in the 60–80% region, and the second most distributed region was the 40–60% region.
The microscopic results revealed that the 60–80% region on the reference line had the most dense neuromuscular junction area, while the 40–60% and 80–100% areas were similar in their neuromuscular junction densities.
Discussion.
These anatomical results will be useful in clinical settings especially for cosmetic surgeons.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Lee, Je-Hun& Lee, Key Youn& Kim, Ji Young& Son, Woo Hyeon& Jeong, Ji Heun& Gil Jeong, Young…[et al.]. 2017. Botulinum Toxin Injection-Site Selection for a Smooth Shoulder Line: An Anatomical Study. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-5.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1135708
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Lee, Je-Hun…[et al.]. Botulinum Toxin Injection-Site Selection for a Smooth Shoulder Line: An Anatomical Study. BioMed Research International No. 2017 (2017), pp.1-5.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1135708
American Medical Association (AMA)
Lee, Je-Hun& Lee, Key Youn& Kim, Ji Young& Son, Woo Hyeon& Jeong, Ji Heun& Gil Jeong, Young…[et al.]. Botulinum Toxin Injection-Site Selection for a Smooth Shoulder Line: An Anatomical Study. BioMed Research International. 2017. Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-5.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1135708
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1135708