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Infectious Trigger for Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Joint Authors
Sahar, Najmus
Nurre, Alexander Michael
Simon, Ryan Q.
Source
Case Reports in Infectious Diseases
Issue
Vol. 2019, Issue 2019 (31 Dec. 2019), pp.1-4, 4 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2019-11-06
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
4
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Herpes simplex virus 1 infection is a common cause of encephalitis (HSVE) in the United States.
Post-HSVE development of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies resulting in autoimmune encephalitis is a rare complication, primarily affecting children and young adults.
Anti-NMDAR develops 1–4 weeks after HSVE, manifesting as choreoathetosis and/or orofacial dyskinesia in children and psychiatric symptoms in young adults.
We describe a case of a 61-year-old male who presented with agitation, behavioral changes, and confusion eight months after being treated for HSVE.
Extensive investigation was unrevealing except for cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytic pleocytosis, a positive anti-NMDAR Ab titer 1 : 64, and imaging changes consistent with postviral encephalitis suggestive of HSV-induced anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
Aggressive therapy resulted in limited success and persistent neurologic deficits.
The unique features of this case are the old age of the patient and preceding HSVE which triggered this autoimmune process.
Physicians should consider anti-NMDAR encephalitis in the differentials for relapsing patients after HSVE.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Sahar, Najmus& Nurre, Alexander Michael& Simon, Ryan Q.. 2019. Infectious Trigger for Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Case Report and Literature Review. Case Reports in Infectious Diseases،Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-4.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1137070
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Sahar, Najmus…[et al.]. Infectious Trigger for Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Case Report and Literature Review. Case Reports in Infectious Diseases No. 2019 (2019), pp.1-4.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1137070
American Medical Association (AMA)
Sahar, Najmus& Nurre, Alexander Michael& Simon, Ryan Q.. Infectious Trigger for Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Case Report and Literature Review. Case Reports in Infectious Diseases. 2019. Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-4.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1137070
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1137070