دراسة مقارنة لاستخدام مداخل متعددة لتقدير الدور الوسطي للسمو الذاتي بين مشاكل تقدير الذات و السلام العقلي

Abstract EN

This research aimed at comparing four approaches of mediation analysis: the causal method of Baron and Kenny, the Sobal test method, the modern Bootstrapping method, and the modern Bootstrapping method integrated with Barron and Kenny method through investigating self-transcendence as a mediating variable between self-esteem problems and peace of Mind.

Three measurement tools were utilized: the self-esteem Index, the self-transcendence scale, and the peace of Mind scale.

They were applied to a sample comprised of (n=307) participants whose ages ranged from (18-22) years old with (mean=20).

They were distributed into the pilot sample (n=150) and the basic research sample (n=157).

Results demonstrated a direct negative relationship between self-esteem and peace of Mind, a direct negative relationship between self-esteem problems and self-transcendence, and a positive correlative relationship between self-transcendence and peace of Mind.

In addition, it was evident through the comparison between the various approaches of mediation analysis that Bootstrapping is the best method, taking into consideration the direct and indirect effects.

This method illustrated that self-transcendence was a total mediator variable between self-esteem problems and mental peace, while Barron and Kenny's method that was limited to direct effect reached the same conclusion.

Besides, the Sobal and the Bootstrapping methods that adopted the indirect effect reached the mediation but did not specify the type of this mediation.

The research recommended using the Bootstrapping methods taking into consideration the significance of the direct and indirect effect as it reduces the first type error, increases the statistical power, fits complex models, and avoids the problems of other methods.

Furthermore, from the psychological and educational point of view, the research recommends the importance of raising students' self-esteem and promoting self-transcendence to achieve their mental and psychological welfare.