Frequently Relapsing Anterior Nodular Scleritis as the Initial Presentation of a Lethal Systemic Infection: Disseminated Tuberculosis with HIV Coinfection
Joint Authors
Weerarathna, Thilak
Kariyawasam, A. G. T. A.
Fonseka, C. L.
De Silva, P. U. T.
Herath, H. M. M.
Sanjeewa, A. D. S. S.
Wijewickrama, D. N.
Source
Case Reports in Infectious Diseases
Issue
Vol. 2020, Issue 2020 (31 Dec. 2020), pp.1-5, 5 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2020-01-31
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
5
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Background.
Scleritis is a painful inflammatory ocular disease often associated with an underlying systemic illness mostly having an autoimmune aetiology.
Tuberculosis usually presents as pulmonary infection, and the ocular presentation is considered to be rare.
Case presentation.
We present a male who developed prolonged pyrexia following systemic steroids while being investigated for a frequently relapsing anterior scleritis.
Biopsy of sclera demonstrated acid-fast bacilli, and histology of sclera and lymph node showed granulomatous inflammation with caseation.
Contrast CT demonstrated mediastinal and visceral lymphadenopathy with pulmonary changes suggesting disseminated tuberculosis.
Later, Western blot confirmed coinfection with HIV with a CD4 count of 71 cells/mm3.
He was treated with antituberculous medications, and then HAART was initiated within two months.
He showed good response and showed a partial resolution of scleritis at the end of two months.
Conclusion.
Tuberculosis tends to occur in unusual sites when coinfected with HIV.
Scleritis is a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis.
High degree of suspicion is critical in making diagnosis and commencing early treatment.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Kariyawasam, A. G. T. A.& Fonseka, C. L.& De Silva, P. U. T.& Sanjeewa, A. D. S. S.& Wijewickrama, D. N.& Herath, H. M. M.…[et al.]. 2020. Frequently Relapsing Anterior Nodular Scleritis as the Initial Presentation of a Lethal Systemic Infection: Disseminated Tuberculosis with HIV Coinfection. Case Reports in Infectious Diseases،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-5.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1148325
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Kariyawasam, A. G. T. A.…[et al.]. Frequently Relapsing Anterior Nodular Scleritis as the Initial Presentation of a Lethal Systemic Infection: Disseminated Tuberculosis with HIV Coinfection. Case Reports in Infectious Diseases No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-5.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1148325
American Medical Association (AMA)
Kariyawasam, A. G. T. A.& Fonseka, C. L.& De Silva, P. U. T.& Sanjeewa, A. D. S. S.& Wijewickrama, D. N.& Herath, H. M. M.…[et al.]. Frequently Relapsing Anterior Nodular Scleritis as the Initial Presentation of a Lethal Systemic Infection: Disseminated Tuberculosis with HIV Coinfection. Case Reports in Infectious Diseases. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-5.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1148325
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1148325