Hepatocellular Carcinoma: First Manifestation as Solitary Humeral Bone Metastasis
Joint Authors
Styler, Michael
Bukhari, Sumera
Ward, Kristine
Source
Case Reports in Oncological Medicine
Issue
Vol. 2020, Issue 2020 (31 Dec. 2020), pp.1-6, 6 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2020-12-02
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
6
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) most commonly presents with abdominal pain or mass, fever of unknown etiology, weight loss, and decompensation of known liver disease or at an asymptomatic stage through surveillance.
Rarely, presenting symptoms can be exclusively related to extrahepatic metastases.
Herein, we write a case of a patient with no known liver disease, presenting with a pathological fracture of the proximal humerus bone secondary to a massive solitary metastasis from HCC.
This case represents an unusual appendicular skeletal metastasis in a patient with unknown primary HCC, successfully treated with sorafenib.
The prognosis of HCC patients with extrahepatic metastasis is poor, and in the presence of bone metastases, the mean survival rate is severely reduced.
However, the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib has been the standard of treatment.
Recently, there has been developments of other therapeutic class of drugs (i.e., immune check inhibitors), which have shown promising benefits and better side effect profiles.
Still, there is a need for further studies, owing to challenges in recognizing cellular and molecular markers.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Bukhari, Sumera& Ward, Kristine& Styler, Michael. 2020. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: First Manifestation as Solitary Humeral Bone Metastasis. Case Reports in Oncological Medicine،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-6.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1149490
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Bukhari, Sumera…[et al.]. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: First Manifestation as Solitary Humeral Bone Metastasis. Case Reports in Oncological Medicine No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-6.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1149490
American Medical Association (AMA)
Bukhari, Sumera& Ward, Kristine& Styler, Michael. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: First Manifestation as Solitary Humeral Bone Metastasis. Case Reports in Oncological Medicine. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-6.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1149490
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1149490