Complete Remission of Multiple Brain Metastases in a Patient with EGFR-Mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated with First-Line Osimertinib without Radiotherapy

Abstract EN

Osimertinib has demonstrated efficacy against stable or asymptomatic central nervous system (CNS) metastases of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in phase 2 and 3 clinical trials that allowed prior CNS radiotherapy.

However, the efficacy of osimertinib only or the optimal treatment combination or sequence of radiotherapy has not been investigated.

A 74-year-old woman diagnosed with T4N1M1c Stage IVB lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutation presented with a left upper lobe mass and multiple bilateral lung metastases.

A total of more than 20 asymptomatic multiple brain metastases with a maximum diameter of 12 mm were diagnosed simultaneously.

Osimertinib was administered as first-line treatment.

Whole brain radiotherapy was deferred because she had no neurological symptoms.

After 5 weeks, the multiple brain metastases disappeared completely, together with the response in the lung lesions.

This case demonstrated that first-line treatment with osimertinib could even achieve complete remission of multiple brain metastases comprising as many as twenty lesions of EGFR-mutated NSCLC without radiation therapy.

Radiation therapy for brain metastases can be deferred or even withheld.

A new treatment strategy for EGFR mutated NSCLC with CNS metastases should be investigated using osimertinib, especially regarding optimal combination or sequence of radiotherapy.