Hydropneumothorax Revealing a Pneumoblastoma in Children

Abstract EN

Pneumoblastoma is a rare primary childhood tumor.

We report the observation of an infant aged 2 years and 8 months who presented with dry cough and dyspnea.

The physical examination found mixed pleural effusion syndrome on the right.

The chest X-ray revealed a right pneumothorax.

Biology has shown leukocytosis at 16,000/mm3.

The CT scan revealed parenchymal air cystic lesions affecting the outer segment of the middle lobe mimicking a pulmonary malformation.

Thoracic drainage brought back 100 ml of the fluid.

Two months later, when a pyopneumothorax appeared, a medium lobectomy was performed.

Pathological study specimen showed a high-grade type II pneumoblastoma The extension assessment identified a secondary hepatic location.

Chemotherapy has been indicated.

This observation illustrates the diagnosis challenge of pneumoblastoma in children.