Is Total Serum Nitrite and Nitrate (NOx)‎ Level in Dengue Patients a Potential Prognostic Marker of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever?

Abstract EN

Potential use of total nitrite plus nitrate (NOx) and nitrite (NO2−) separately as surrogate markers for serum nitric oxide in severe dengue and their longitudinal changes along with the progression of infection was studied.

Deproteinized sera from confirmed dengue fever (DF, n=145) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF, n=74) patients on admission—A, critical—C, discharge—D, and convalescence—CON stages and from age-gender matched healthy individuals (HC, n=77) were taken to assess NO2− and NOx levels using Griess and modified Griess assays.

Serum NOx in DHFA was significantly lower compared to DFA (p<0.001).

HC had the lowest NOx and NO2− compared to all patient categories (p<0.001) except NO2− in DF-CON and DHF-CON and NOx in DHF-CON.

Serum NOx and NO2− in DHF patients admitted on fever day 3 (DHFA-3) was significantly lower compared to DFA-3 (p<0.05).

Cut-off values of 4.46 μM for NOx (91.3% sensitivity and 80.1% specificity) and 1.25 μM for NO2− (75.0% sensitivity and 73.3% specificity) were obtained for day 3 of fever.

Serum NOx may be used as potential prognostic marker of DHF in patients presenting with DF in the early stage (on day 3 of fever) of the disease.