Coloring Activities for Anxiety Reduction and Mood Improvement in Taiwanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Study
Joint Authors
Koo, Malcolm
Yeh, Yueh-Chiao
Chen, Hsuan-Pin
Source
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Issue
Vol. 2020, Issue 2020 (31 Dec. 2020), pp.1-6, 6 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2020-01-22
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
6
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
To investigate the effect of mandala coloring, plaid pattern coloring, and free-form drawing activities on anxiety and mood in older Taiwanese adults.
A total of 120 older adults aged 55 years to 75 years were recruited from 18 community-based learning centers for older adults in southern Taiwan.
They were randomly assigned to engage in one of the following four activities for 20 minutes: (1) mandala coloring group, (2) plaid pattern coloring group, (3) free-form drawing group, and (4) reading group (control).
Information on sociodemographic, lifestyle, and perceived health status was collected at the baseline.
In addition, anxiety levels, measured using the 20-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory–State Anxiety Scale (STAI-S), were ascertained at the baseline (T1), after a brief anxiety induction (T2), and at the end of the assigned activity (T3).
The mean anxiety levels among the four groups at T3 were analyzed using analysis of covariance, followed by Šidák multiple comparison test, as appropriate.
The mean age of the 120 study participants was 65.1 years and 73.3% were females.
A significantly lower anxiety level was observed only in the mandala coloring group (least square mean = 28.2; 95% confidence interval = 24.7–31.7) compared with the control group (least square mean = 36.0; 95% confidence interval = 32.9–39.2) (P=0.004, partial eta-squared = 0.113).
Furthermore, when the STAI-S was analyzed at the item level, the mandala coloring group was significantly different from the control group in the following six feelings: calmed down, safe, at ease, rested, satisfied, and I feel good.
In conclusion, short-term mandala coloring activity could significantly alleviate self-induced anxiety in community-dwelling older adults.
Further studies on the long-term effects of mandala coloring activity in improving the emotional well-being of older adults are warranted.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Koo, Malcolm& Chen, Hsuan-Pin& Yeh, Yueh-Chiao. 2020. Coloring Activities for Anxiety Reduction and Mood Improvement in Taiwanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-6.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1157133
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Koo, Malcolm…[et al.]. Coloring Activities for Anxiety Reduction and Mood Improvement in Taiwanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-6.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1157133
American Medical Association (AMA)
Koo, Malcolm& Chen, Hsuan-Pin& Yeh, Yueh-Chiao. Coloring Activities for Anxiety Reduction and Mood Improvement in Taiwanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-6.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1157133
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1157133