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From Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition to In Vivo Hypouricemic Effect: An Integrated Overview of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies with Focus on Natural Molecules and Analogues
Joint Authors
Silvestre, Samuel
da Silva Almeida, Paulo Jorge
Serrano, João L.
Figueiredo, Joana
Source
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Issue
Vol. 2020, Issue 2020 (31 Dec. 2020), pp.1-17, 17 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2020-02-25
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
17
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Hyperuricemia is characterized by elevated uric acid (UA) levels on blood, which can lead to gout, a common pathology.
These high UA levels are associated with increased purine ingestion and metabolization and/or its decreased excretion.
In this field, xanthine oxidase (XO), by converting hypoxanthine and xanthine to UA, plays an important role in hyperuricemia control.
Based on limitations and adverse effects associated with the use of allopurinol and febuxostat, the most known approved drugs with XO inhibitory effect, the search for new molecules with XO activity is growing.
However, despite the high number of studies, it was found that the majority of tested products with relevant XO inhibition were left out, and no further pharmacological evaluation was performed.
Thus, in the present review, available information published in the past six years concerning isolated molecules with in vitro XO inhibition complemented with cytotoxicity evaluation as well as other relevant studies, including in vivo hypouricemic effect, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile was compiled.
Interestingly, the analysis of data collected demonstrated that molecules from natural sources or their mimetics and semisynthetic derivatives constitute the majority of compounds being explored at the moment by means of in vitro and in vivo animal studies.
Therefore, several of these molecules can be useful as lead compounds and some of them can even have the potential to be considered in the future clinical candidates for the treatment of hyperuricemia.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Serrano, João L.& Figueiredo, Joana& da Silva Almeida, Paulo Jorge& Silvestre, Samuel. 2020. From Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition to In Vivo Hypouricemic Effect: An Integrated Overview of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies with Focus on Natural Molecules and Analogues. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-17.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1158567
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Serrano, João L.…[et al.]. From Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition to In Vivo Hypouricemic Effect: An Integrated Overview of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies with Focus on Natural Molecules and Analogues. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-17.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1158567
American Medical Association (AMA)
Serrano, João L.& Figueiredo, Joana& da Silva Almeida, Paulo Jorge& Silvestre, Samuel. From Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition to In Vivo Hypouricemic Effect: An Integrated Overview of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies with Focus on Natural Molecules and Analogues. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-17.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1158567
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1158567