Association of ABO and Rh Blood Group Phenotypes with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Referral Hospital Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia

Abstract EN

Background.

ABO and Rh blood group antigens are thought to be among genetic determinants of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Identification of blood group phenotypes are more associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

It will be helpful for individuals who are susceptible blood groups to take care of themselves by avoiding other predisposing factors and taking preventive measures.

Methods.

Hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study was carried out from February to April 2019 at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Referral Hospital.

Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected with a semistructured pretested questionnaire.

ABO and Rh Blood group were determined by slide and test tube methods.

Biochemical parameters were determined with Mindray BS-200E fully automated clinical chemistry analyzer.

Data were analyzed by IBM SPSS version 20 statistical software.

Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were employed for data analysis.

A P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results.

From a total of 424 participants included for this study, blood group O was found higher in frequency with 74 (34.9%) and 97 (45.75%) for cases and healthy controls, respectively.

ABO blood groups showed significant association with T2DM, a chi-square value of 12.163 and P value of 0.007.

However, the Rh blood group was not associated with T2DM.

Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that blood group B had a higher risk (OR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.33-3.32) and blood group O had decreased risk (OR: 0.636, 95% CI: 0.43-0.94) of T2DM as compared to other blood groups.

Conclusion.

ABO blood group antigens showed significant association with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Blood group B was associated with an increased risk and O blood group with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.